Bro Samir Chidiac's paper, "The Return of the Craftsmen," explores the historical significance of craftsmanship and quality control, drawing parallels between ancient practices and modern Freemasonry. It highlights the Terracotta Army's individual craftsmen, who were held accountable for their work through identifiable marks. Similarly, the introduction of hallmarks in the eleventh century established standards for precious metals, emphasizing the importance of quality in craftsmanship. Chidiac reflects on the personal experience of receiving a mark in Royal Arch Masonry, symbolizing a commitment to quality and moral principles. He advocates for a "paradigm shift" in evaluating established beliefs and practices within Freemasonry, encouraging members to embrace universal moral laws that promote brotherly love, relief, truth, and justice. The paper underscores the value of engaging with skilled craftsmen whose work embodies these principles, suggesting that true quality is recognized and appreciated in both products and personal conduct.
December 17th, 2025
February 27th, 2026
manual
symbolism and_philosophy
Paper 10/2007
Title The Return of the Craftsmen
Author Bro Samir Chidiac – Lebanon
The Terracotta Army, Hallmark and Apprenticeship
Most people have heard about the “Terracotta Army”, a large number of clay figures of foot and horseback
soldiers, which were buried with the ancient Chinese Emperors. It is not that commonly known, however,
the individual figures were made by different craftsmen, and that each of them bore a chop mark of the
marker. This allowed the identificat ion and punishment of the craftsmen who failed to meet the emperor’s
requirements.
Around the eleventh century, hallmarks were introduc ed for silver and gold products to identify the
minimum content of precious metals in the alloy. Since the Middle A ges implementing quality in products
was the aim of skilled craftsmen. They were gaining a reputation for quality products through skilled
craftsmen, which was maintained over years through enforcing a lengthy and ri gorous apprenticeship of
those who wanted to become masters of the trade.
I remember that when I was exalted to Royal Arch Masonry, I was asked to design and draw my mark.
I did not recognize what it meant exactly to have one’s mark at that time. Later I did! To have one’s mark
on a product, is in today’s business and industry’s world, quality control and marking; a confirmation and
compliance of such product to be eventually fit for the final users.
Then,
From, to: a choice to be made; this choice can be called a “paradigm shift”. To move from established
concepts and preconceptions and evaluate their effectiveness’ in solving today’s problems; one should
change direction, and take the wit ness stand of his life and review if such conceptions and pre-
conceptions practices are still valid, or should be altered.
In the company of good report
One comes to Freemasonry of his own free will and accord, in the company of a good report, a living
stone; to fit in a greater scheme. The candidate and later a Brother us es the symbolic working tools
presented to him during his journey to fine tune what is inherently present in his human nature, and
eventually moves from the rough ashlar stage to the perfect cube.
When Light comes out of darkness
When Light comes out of darkness, Freemasonry points to, and leads the Candidate and later a Brother to
what have always existed in the nat ural moral law; which are not creat ed, rather they are known and then
must be followed i.e., the Principal Tenets of Brothe rly love, Relief, Truth and the Four Cardinal Tenets of
Fortitude, Prudence, Temperance and Justice.
The Universal Moral Law
The Universal Natural Moral laws do not reduce the i ndividuality of the person, because as those laws are
universal, natural and moral, they develop a person’s uniqueness into s haring with others the general
goodness, and consequently truth and beauty.
One, who is duly conscious of qua lity, would only buy products from a craftsman, who mastered and fine
tuned his work, and eventually, his product carry his hallmark.
Wouldn’t you be interested to deal with such a craftsman?